System of and apparatus for the treatment of paper pulp



Feb. '17, 1931. w v KNOLL 1,793,095

SYSTEM OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PAPER PULP I Filed 00?.. 4, 1926 2 Sheets-Shea?l l W. V. KNOLL Feb. 17, 1931.

SYSTEM OF' AND APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT 0F PAPER PULP Filed Oct. 4, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 17, 1/931 llvJNll'raD ASTATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM V. KNOLL, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE MID-WEST MACHINE COM- PANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO SYSTEM OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PAPER PULP Afpucat'ion med october 4, 192s. serial No. 139,439.

This invention relates to paper pulp preparation and more `particularly to a beater engine and a system of pulp-circulationfto and from the beater.l

At the present time most paper stock is rtreated inbeater engines in which the pulp moves horizontally and is operated upon by -a roll or drum of conparatively large size jranging from forty-eight inches to seventy'- two inches in diameter.

This drum or roll not only tends to disinte ate the stock but it also acts as a conveyor or moving the'stock, which it elevates over a comparatively high back fall or scroll plate in order to give the 16 stock suicient momentum to induce its return to the beater drum or roll for reworking. Such system of pulp treatment is very inefficient, and the output is small in proportion to the size and weight of theequipment a0 and the-necessary power expended in its size roll or .drum is completely enclosed orl housed and performs only the beating or disintegrating operation and is not required to move. the pulp or to serve as a conveyor o1' same'beater engine, or. disc elevator.' Thel pulp material is sup lied to, the enclosed or housed high speedpvbeater drum under ressure, from a supp tank a Ording a su ciently high head, o pulp. At the output .side of the small size, Ahigh speed 'enclosed beater roll there is provi ed a rotary pump which produces a vacuum or suction eect at the output side, removing the pulp as fast as it passes the hi h speed drum or roll thus enabling full el? This rotary pump induces thecirculation of the pulp, either returnin it tothe original supply tank, for rewor 'ng, through the arging it toa succeeding su ply vtank of a series from which it is con uctedthrough one or more additional beater engines.

perferably by gravity ectof the supply hea of pulp.l

The present system consists of a stora e tank located in elevated relation, above t e beater roll to afford the necessary head or gravity pressure. The beater roll is complete-V ly enclosed and performs only the dismtegratmg or beating operation, while the centrifugal pump, with which the outlet ofthe beater is connected performs the operation of circulating and elevating the pulp preparatory to reworking it, whether the reworking be throughthe same beaterengine or through a succession of supply tanks and beater engines.

N The beater engine itself being of comparatively small size, and operated at a relatively ylngh speed comprises a drum mounted in fixed bearings, and having longitudinal dovetail slots 1ny which the y bars are secured by .Wedgi g. The bed plate cooperatin with the drum r roll is vertically adjustable y means of op sltely disposed relatively adjustable wedge locks operated by a right and left hand a 'usting screw.

Theo ject of the invention is to simplify the struc ure as well as the means and mode of operation of pulp treating systems whereby they will not only be cheapened in cons tructlon but will be more eiiicient in use, positive in operation, uniform in action, operated I with. less power, and unlikely to get out of repair.

A further object of the invention is to provide an im roved system `for pulp circulation whereby t e pulp 1s supplied under gravity pressure to the beater roll and is circulated by a pump operating independent of the beater roll and serving to maintain a reduced pres.-

sure at the output side of such roll to thereby render the head pressure of the plug supply effective. .y

A further object of the invention is to p'rovide an improved system `of pulp treatment wherein the pulp may be returned to the original supply tank for reworking, or may be carried through a succession of supply tanks from each of which it is fed to a beater roll to afford a continuous system of operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved form of beater 1011 and im proved means for mounting the fly bars therein.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved means for adjusting the bed plate and drum of the beater engine relative to each other.

With the above primary ,and other incidental objects in view as will more fully appear in the specification, the invention consists of the features of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, and the mode of operation, or their equivalents, as hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

In the drawings wherein is shown the preferred, but obviously not necessarily the only form of embodiment of the invention, Fig. l is a general view somewhat diagrammatic of a continuous system of pulp working apparatus embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view of a repetition or batch operating apparatus. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, partly broken away of the beater engine. Fig. 4 is a detail transverse sectional view illustratingr the adjusting means for the bed plate of the beater. Fig. 5 is a detail view illustrating the manner of securing the fiy bars in the drum. Fig. 6 is a detail view of one of the fly bar wedges.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

In the drawings there is shown in Fig. 1 an arrangement of tanks and beaters forming a continuous system of treatment of pulp for paper making and the like. For convenience of installation and attendance, the apparatus is installed on two floors of a mill. On the upper Hoor, at the left in Fig. 1 there is shown the usual shredder l. From the shredder 1 the material passes over the conveyor 2 to a breaker beater 3, of the usual horizontal vat type. This breaker beater is shown provided with the usual large rotary roll beater 4 operating to disintegrate the stock and at the same time elevate it to induce the circular ow of stock in the tub or vat. The shredder and breaker beater perform no part of the present invention, and any other forms of apparatus'may be substituted therefor, to effect the preliminary preparation of the stock.

From the breaker beater 3 the stock is discharged into the first of a series of pulp supply tanks 5. The tanks 5 are each of s uflicient height to afford a considerable head of pulp enabling the pulp to be discharged therefrom by gravity under ressure. Each tank 5 has an outlet 6 at the ottom which is connected to the intake side of a beater engine 7 Whereas the ordinary beater engine of the open horizontal course type employs a beater roll of large diameter, ranging fromv fortyeight to seventy-two inches in diameter, which not only beats or shreds the stock, but elevates it over a back fall or scroll place to induce circulation in the tub or vat, and require's approximately sixty horse ower for operation, at approximately 120 P. M. the present beater engines are small size and high speed, operating under less power. IVhile the size and speed of the beater 7 may vary within a considerable range, the preferable size has been found to be approximately two feet in diameter and of about three feet face, operating in excess of three hundred R. P. M. with a power requirement of less than ten horse power. The stock is supplied to such beater by gravity feed under pressure from the preceding tank 5 of the series. The small high speed roll coacts with a bed plate which has but little elevation above the lowest point of the periphery of the roll. and the roll is not required to propel or elevate the stock. Consequently it is operable with a minimum power requirement. a power consumption of ten horse power or less being-amply sufiicient under ordinary conditions.

The small size high speed beater roll is completely housed and the outlet from such beater housing is connected with the suction side of a power pump 8. This pump is preferably of the centrifugal type and is of such operating capacity as to maintain a comparatively low pressure of suction effect upon the output side of the beater roll, thus rendering effective the high head of pulp in the preceding supply tank 5, to enable a gravity forced feed. The pump 8 elevates the pulp through an uptake conduit 9 preparatory to reworking. In the present instance the system is shown as discharging the pulp from the uptake conduit 9 through an auxiliary `beater 10 of similar construction. rlhat is to say the beater 10 is also preferably of the small size and high speed type. The roll is enclosed in the housing and the pulp is supplied under pressure.r In this case it is supplied by the pump 8. The discharge from the auxiliary beater 10 is by gravity through a down spout 11, which serves somewhat as a pen stock and exerts a low pressure or suction effect upon the output side of the beater 10.

Inthe continuous system'illustrated in Fig..1, the pulp after passing the intermediate beaters 8 and 10 is discharged into the suceeding tank 5 of the series and the operation is repeated any desired number of tunes. The result is a continuous output of finished pulp from the final stage. To meet unusual conditions or requirements for especially refined pulp, the uptake conduit 9 of the filial stage, and leading from the last pump 8 ofthe series, may be provided with a return branch conduit 12 having therein a control valve 13 enabling the return of the pulp from the final stage of operation -to the first tank 5 for reworking. The finished pulp is discharged through the valve outlet conduit 14.

y In lieu ofthe multiple stage system'shiwn uptake conduit 9 for dischargeback to the tank through the auxiliary beater 10; When the pulp stock is finished it is discharged through one of the other of the valved discharge conduits 14.

The pressure fed small size high speed beater engine of preferred form is illustrated in Figs. 3 to 5. The roll 15 preferably comprises a cast metal drum, formed hollow to reduce its weight. The hollow metallic drum is provided with longitudinal slots 16 in its periphery to receive a series of fly bars 17.

VThe slots 16 have one side inwardly divergent with a radius passing through the slot, while the opposite face of the slot isl oppositely divergent causing the s lot to be enlarged inwardly to afford a somewh'at dovetail shape. The inner margins of the fly bars 17 are similarly shaped for parallel agreement with the sides ofthe slots, but are of less thickness than the width of the mouths of the slots thus enabling'the enlargedinner margins to be easily inserted in the slots of the drum, where they are secured by driven wedges 18. The open spaces of the slots contiguous to the fly bars are then filled -with Babbett metal, surrounding and embedding` the driven wedges 18. To eifect'an interlocking engagement of the driven wedges 18, recesses orcavities 19 are formed in the sides of the slots 16 and the wedges 18 are notched or recessed to receive the flowof-Babbett metal thereby interlocking the wedges with the drum. l

The roll, comprising the hollow metallic drum and ilyjuars aixed therein is revolubly mounted in fixed bearings and coacts with an adjustable bed plate 20. f v

The bed plate comprises a succession of .spaced plates and intermediate fillers of wood, mounted in a 4vertically..adjustable holder or carrier 21- formed in two sections between which the plates and fillers comprisin the bed plate are clamped.

e under side -of the holder or carrier 21 vis provided with' downwardly convergent cam faces 22 formed integral therewith. In spaced relation below the inclined under surface of the bed plate carrier'is asub base member 23 ,having like 'inclined` cam faces 24- on its top surface. Confined between the cam faces 22 and 25 by lateral angle plates 25 is ments.

a pair of longitudinally adjusting wedges 26. The inclined blocks or wedges 26 serve as space blocks between thebase 23 and the holder or carrier 21 for the bed plate and support the latter. A screw shaft 27 having right andleft threads and journaled in the upstanding ends of the base 23 serves to adjust the inclined space blocks or wedges 26 which are screw threaded thereon. By rotating the screw shaft to adjust the blocks 26 toward each other the bed platev is elevated in relation with the roll. The bed plate holder 2l is secured in its adjusted position by set screws 28 which limit the upward adjustment and clamp the bed plate carrier against the inclined blocks or wedges 26.`

The beater roll is completely enclosed by a housing 29 having an inlet 30 which communicates with the supply tank 5 to supply stock-under pressure, and an outlet 31 which communicates with the suction side of the pump 7. rIhe fact that the pulp stock is supplied under a high head or pressure at the ink take side and is delivered at a much lower pressure at the output side, necessitates the housing 29 being substantially leak proof. Obviously an open type beater would be impractical under the present operating conditions.

The system is quite flexible in its operation, and readily accommodates itself to different conditions of operation and various require- The beaters and pumps are preferably operated by variable speed motors enabling the rapidity of circulation of the pulp to be varied and by varying the pump capa city and thereby the output pressure or suc- `tion effect upon the roll, the effective head or feeding pressure is also varied. That is to Say any back pressure of stock from the uptake conduit will tendto equalize or balance to greater or less extent the head pressure of stock at the intake side of the beater. Thus not only is great flexibility afforded but the operator is given minute control over the function and operation of the apparatus.

From the above description it will be ap- L parent that there is thus provided a construction of the character described `possesing the particular features of advantage before enumerated as desirable but which obviously is susceptible of modification, 4in its form,pro portions, and arrangement of parts, without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

While in order to comply with the statute the invention is described in language more or less, specific as to structural features, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific details shown-,` but that the means and construction herein disclosed comprise the preferred form of several modes lof putting the invention into effect, and the invention is therefore claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the legitimate and valid scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a construction of the character delscribed, a revoluble beater roll, a pressure housing completely enclosing the roll and having inlet and outlet openings, means for supplying pulp thereto under pressure, iixcd journal bearings for the roll, and adjustable bed plate` and means for adjusting the` bed plate relative to said roll.

'2. In a beater engine for paper pulp and the like, abeater roll of less than thirty inches diameter and operable at a rate of more than three hundred R. P. M., a housing therefor, a bed plate adjustable-in relation with the roll and means for supplying pulp thereto under pressure.

3. In a beater engine for paper pulp and the like, a beater roll, comprising a drum having longitudinal spaced slotsin the periphery thereof, said slots having inwardly divergent walls, fiy bars located in the slots, said l'ly bars being flared on their inner margins to agree with the taper of the slots, and Wedges inserted in the slots beside the fly bars for maintaining the fly bars in place said slots having recesses formed in their inner faces and the Wedges also being recessed and a body ot sealing material molded in situ in said slots and 'extending into the recesses of the slots and Wedges. s

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 27th day of September, 1926.

WILLIAM V. KNOLL. 

